This paper will set the scene by providing a short history of the arrival of Pan Mediterranean communities with current statistics of the language groupings and the resources held in Australian public libraries. Examples of best practice services in NSW public libraries will be given to demonstrate how public libraries support these diverse communities. The benefits of partnerships with other libraries and community organizations will be emphasized. Examples of how libraries and museums are preserving the cultural heritage and memories of communities will be provided. This paper will also address and share the current challenges faced including providing resources for the aging populations of some of the language groups and sourcing resources for the newest arrivals.